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Piano Scale Reference

Standard fingerings for major and minor scales, 4 octaves, hands together

Minor Scale Type

How to Read

1 = Thumb, 2 = Index, 3 = Middle, 4 = Ring, 5 = Pinky
Fingerings shown are for ascending one octave; repeat for 4 octaves
For descending, reverse the fingering pattern
Melodic minor has different notes ascending vs descending — descending uses natural minor

Major Scales

LH starts on 4

RH starts on 2, all black keys except B and E

RH starts on 2

RH starts on 2, thumb on C and F

RH starts on 2

RH starts on 2, thumb on C and F

RH thumb on F and C, finger 4 on Bb

Minor ScalesNatural

Relative minor of C major

Relative minor of G major

Relative minor of D major

Relative minor of A major

Relative minor of E major, RH starts on 3

Relative minor of B major, RH starts on 3

Relative minor of F#/Gb major

Relative minor of Db major

Relative minor of Ab major

Relative minor of Eb major

Relative minor of Bb major

Relative minor of F major

Scales are listed in order of the circle of fifths (C, G, D, A, E, B, F#, Db, Ab, Eb, Bb, F). Practice scales in this order to gradually introduce sharps and flats.

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